This Day in History: October 13th

Here are ten interesting historical events that took place on October 13th:

1. 54 AD – Roman Emperor Claudius I Dies: Claudius I, one of the early Roman emperors, died under mysterious circumstances, and his stepson Nero succeeded him.
2. 1307 – Knights Templar Arrested: King Philip IV of France ordered the arrest of the Knights Templar, leading to the downfall of the powerful medieval religious and military order.
3. 1775 – United States Navy Established: The United States Navy was created when the Continental Congress authorized the purchase of two ships to protect American interests.
4. 1792 – The White House Cornerstone Laid: The cornerstone for the White House, the official residence and workplace of the President of the United States, was laid in Washington, D.C.
5. 1884 – Greenwich Mean Time Established: The International Meridian Conference established Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) as the world’s prime meridian, a reference point for timekeeping.
6. 1917 – “Fatima Miracle” in Portugal: Thousands of people claimed to witness a “miracle of the sun” during the Miracle of Fatima in Portugal, an event associated with three shepherd children who reported apparitions of the Virgin Mary.
7. 1943 – Italy Declares War on Germany: Italy, having changed sides in World War II, declared war on Nazi Germany.
8. 1972 – Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571 Crash: A Uruguayan Air Force plane carrying a rugby team crashed in the Andes. Survivors resorted to cannibalism to stay alive until they were rescued.
9. 2010 – Chilean Miners Rescued: The dramatic rescue of 33 Chilean miners trapped underground for 69 days was completed, captivating the world’s attention.
10. 2019 – NASA’s First All-Female Spacewalk: NASA astronauts Christina Koch and Jessica Meir conducted the first all-female spacewalk, replacing a failed power controller on the International Space Station (ISS).

These historical events on October 13th encompass a wide range of subjects, from the establishment of institutions like the United States Navy and GMT to significant cultural phenomena and extraordinary human feats.

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