This Day in History: January 30th

Here are 10 historical events that took place on January 30th, listed in chronological order:

1. 1649: King Charles I of England is executed by beheading, marking the end of the monarchy and the beginning of the Commonwealth of England.
2. 1889: Archduke Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria, his mistress Baroness Mary Vetsera, and others are found dead at Mayerling in a murder-suicide pact.
3. 1933: Adolf Hitler is appointed Chancellor of Germany by President Paul von Hindenburg, marking a key turning point in German history.
4. 1948: Indian political and spiritual leader Mahatma Gandhi is assassinated in New Delhi by a Hindu nationalist.
5. 1969: The Beatles’ last public performance, often referred to as the “rooftop concert,” takes place on top of the Apple Corps building in London.
6. 1972: Bloody Sunday: British paratroopers open fire on a civil rights march in Derry, Northern Ireland, killing 14 protesters.
7. 1982: Richard Skrenta writes the first PC virus code, which spreads through Apple II systems via infected floppy disks.
8. 1989: The “Glasnost” policy is introduced in the Soviet Union by Mikhail Gorbachev, promoting openness and transparency in government and society.
9. 2003: The Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrates upon reentry into Earth’s atmosphere, leading to the deaths of all seven crew members.
10. 2011: A revolution begins in Egypt, leading to the ousting of President Hosni Mubarak in February, as part of the broader Arab Spring uprisings.

These events cover a range of historical and geopolitical significance across different centuries.

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